For Seniors

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Why are immunizations important?

Immunizations are necessary to prevent the spread of contagious and sometimes deadly diseases. Older adults with medical conditions and weak immune systems are more vulnerable to infections. Vaccines help avoid unnecessary hospitalizations and high medical costs.

Many of these recommended vaccines are for new grandparents who plan to spend a lot of time around newborns. Get up to date on your vaccinations before you snuggle and kiss the new baby in your life. Make sure your whole family is up to date on their vaccines.

Being up to date on your vaccines helps you live the healthiest life possible. Your healthcare provider will recommend vaccines for you based on your age and health conditions.

Here is more information on vaccines for you and your family:

Recommended vaccines for adults 65 and over

COVID-19 vaccines – People ages 65 years and older should receive 2 doses of any updated (2024–2025) COVID-19 vaccine separated by 6 months regardless of vaccination history, with one exception:

  • Unvaccinated people who initiate vaccination with 2024–2025 Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine are recommended to receive 2 doses of Novavax followed by a third dose of any COVID-19 vaccine 6 months (minimum interval 2 months) later.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) vaccines – One dose of RSV vaccine is recommended for all people 75 years and older. One dose is also recommended for people age 60-74 who are at higher risk for RSV disease.

Flu vaccines – There are special kinds of flu vaccines for people aged 65 and older that are different than regular flu shots. High-dose and adjuvanted flu vaccines give a stronger immune response than regular flu shots. This means better protection against flu illness. Adults 65 and older may get a regular flu vaccine, the high-dose, or the adjuvanted vaccine. Your doctor or pharmacist will help you understand which flu shot is right for you. Get your flu vaccine every year as soon as vaccine is available, usually in late summer or early fall.

Here is more information about flu and flu shots:

Pneumococcal vaccines – There are two types of pneumococcal vaccines. The type of vaccine and number of doses can vary by age and vaccination history. Talk with your health care provider to find out which of these vaccines are right for you.

  • People age 50 or older should get a single dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) if they have never received any pneumococcal conjugate vaccine or if they do not know their previous vaccination history.

Here is more information about pneumococcal disease and the vaccines that can prevent it:

Shingles vaccine - Shingrix vaccine can help prevent shingles and complications, including postherpetic neuralgia (severe pain that lasts long after the rash and blisters disappear). Everyone 50 years and older should get Shingrix. If you received Zostavax (the older shingles vaccine) before November 18, 2020, you should also get Shingrix.

Here is more information about shingles, postherpetic neuralgia, and the vaccines that can prevent them:

Tdap or Td vaccines - Tdap vaccine protects against tetanus, diphtheria, and whooping cough (pertussis).

  • Adults who haven't already had a Tdap dose, especially if you are a healthcare worker or are around young babies, need to get one dose of Tdap. After getting one dose of Tdap, you should get a Td or Tdap booster every 10 years to protect against tetanus and diphtheria.
  • You may also get Td or Tdap as part of your emergency care if you get a puncture wound or one that may be contaminated.

Here is more information on Tdap and Td vaccines and whooping cough:

Vaccines for medical and health conditions

If you have certain health conditions, you may need more vaccines. Some older adults with specific health conditions should not get certain vaccines or should wait to get them. Talk with your healthcare provider to make sure you get the vaccines that are right for you.

Some of the health conditions that put you at higher risk of getting a disease that vaccines can prevent include:

  • Diabetes
  • Asthma
  • Heart disease
  • Lung disease
  • Chronic liver disease
  • Kidney disease or poor liver function
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
  • Removal of spleen or poor spleen function
  • Alcoholism
  • Current smoker
  • Weakened immune system

Where can I get my immunizations?

Vaccines may be available at pharmacies, private medical offices, workplaces, community health clinics, health departments, or other community locations, such as schools and religious centers. Ask your primary healthcare provider for a referral if they do not stock all the recommended vaccines.  There is an online vaccine finder tool at vaccines.gov. Simply type in your ZIP code for a list of nearby locations.

Does Medicare cover vaccines for older adults?

Medicare Part B (Medical Insurance) –  Covers certain vaccines that protect against COVID-19, flu, pneumococcal disease, and hepatitis B if you're at increased risk for hepatitis B. It also covers vaccines that you might need after an injury (like the tetanus vaccine) or getting a disease (like the rabies vaccine).

Medicare Part D (drug coverage) – Covers all other commercially available vaccines (like shingles, RSV, tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis) when medically necessary to prevent illness. You pay nothing out of pocket for Part D adult vaccines recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. Contact your Medicare drug plan for more information about coverage.

What vaccines do I need if I'm traveling abroad?

Travel vaccines differ depending on where you are going. Recommended vaccines are listed by country on CDC's destination pages. You may need certain vaccines such as hepatitis A, hepatitis B, yellow fever, and typhoid fever for different countries.

Before travel, seniors should be up to date on routine vaccinations (including COVID-19, flu, Tdap, polio and measles/mumps/rubella, or MMR vaccine). If you didn't get some of these vaccines as a child, you should get them before you travel. Many of the diseases that vaccines protect against are more common in other countries than in the United States.

More than half of tetanus cases are in people over 65, so if you're in that age group, think about getting a Td or Tdap vaccine before you travel.

Contact your healthcare provider, pharmacist, or your local health department as early as possible to find out which immunizations you may need. The time required to get all immunizations will depend on whether you need one shot or a series of shots. If you need help finding travel information, visit the Travelers' health website or call 800-CDC-INFO (800-232-4636) TTY 888-232-6348. English and Spanish are available.

Here is more information on vaccines you might need before you travel: